Protocol
Definition
A set of communication rules agreed upon for smooth communication between computers or electronic devices.
Elements
Syntax: defines the Format, Coding, and Signal Level of the data to be transmitted.
Semantics: defines the coordination needed for two devices to exchange information more efficiently and accurately, and control information for error management.
Timing: defines the communication speed between devices and control of message order.
HyperText, HTML, HTTP
If you've played around with PPT or a blog even a little, you'll know about hyperlinks.
They're reference links that connect resources, and let you move between addresses without any intermediate steps.
For example, you're reading this post right now, but if you click this hyperlink, you can go straight to Apple's homepage.
HyperText isn't linear text like a traditional book; it's Hyper (transcendent) Text that lets you move nonlinearly from one document to another through hyperlinks.
https://www.isko.org/cyclo/hypertext
HTML
A markup language for Hyper Text.
= HyperText Markup Language
= a language that describes the structure of text (Text) that can move between documents (Hyper).
Markup language: a language that describes the structure of documents and data by marking them with tags or symbols
HTTP
ISO, the International Organization for Standardization, introduced the OSI 7 layers as a network standard model (network protocol design, communication) describing how communication happens on a network.
HTTP was created to exchange hypertext quickly, and it's a protocol that defines how messages are delivered between a client and a server through request and reponse.
It's used in the Application Layer, the 7th of the OSI layers.
When a client clicks linked text on a web page (request), it follows the link and moves to a new page (response). So the http:// at the very front of the internet addresses we use is a sign that information will be exchanged using this protocol.
https://bytesofgigabytes.com/networking/how-http-request-and-response-works/
IP
Internet Protocol is a protocol for communication that sends and receives information on a network.